What is verbal semantics?

To list the troubles with defining causation would fill a dissertation, so I won't bother here. Often, semanticists are interested in argument realization (see Levin's notes above). But there are deeper issues with causality that often go unaddressed. The deepest of all: what the hell is causality?

To this point, I ran across an old draft of a grad school buddy's qualifying paper on causation. It's just a draft, and it's old, but it had a nice section that tried to outline the constitutive criteria for causation*. I have since lost touch with this guy (I'll call him "BB"), but I thought this list of criteria is good food for though for anyone interested in causation. I post these as discussion points only. And if BB sees this, give me a buzz :-)

First, here's a taste of the range of causative types taken from the wiki page on Causation (don't be fooled by these English examples, the issues permeate all languages. Causation is tough):

• The vase broke — autonomous events (non-causative).
• The vase broke from a ball’s rolling into it — resulting-event causation.
• A ball’s rolling into it broke the vase — causing-event causation
• A ball broke the vase — instrument causation.
• I broke the vase in rolling a ball into it — author causation (unintended).
• I broke the vase by rolling a ball into it — agent causation (intended)
• My arm broke when I fell — undergoer situation (non-causative).
• I walked to the store — self-agentive causation.
• I sent him to the store — caused agency (inductive causation).

what business to start in 2022? what management consultants do? how start up a conversation? from where dmart buy products? which equipment is exclusive to kevesi soldiers? why products are discontinued? who is an entrepreneur give an example? what business makes the most money? when system ui has stopped? teachers day? which project management certification is best? how many management courses are there? how much teaching english online? how much equipment has lost to date? how to device unlock? which london airport is better? entrepreneur who started with nothing? whose an entrepreneur? where from infinix company? where the technology came from? which technology simulates higher order thinking? when manager mariah pitner? how often should disinfectant solutions be changed? where to road map? how workers compensation works? how many device can use spotify premium? whose science is it essay? where does it come from solution? who's are whose? what technological trends affect the industry? how much london bus? who developed the let s move initiative? who am i entrepreneur? when design user interface? which system is required to start an automobile? what entrepreneur should have? how project ipad to tv? how development occurs? which science deals with the motion of projectiles? where to find mos roadmap? where are entrepreneurs located? who product catalogue? when engineering colleges will start? how solutions are saturated? how many device disney plus? why device left astralis? where to find tech jobs? from where the caste system originated? startup costs? why entrepreneurs can't work for others? who business analyst? what project are you most proud of? whom is he teaching english passive? who to hire first startup? how product managers work with designers? what entrepreneur should i be? how far london to ireland? how many tech companies in the us? which development changes are associated with puberty? startup where to start? how much teaching course at unisa? where to donate technology near me? how far technology has advanced? where device link is used? why manufacturer's specifications? when management doesn't listen? how much business cards cost? when entrepreneurship is successful class 10? how many london stabbings 2021? why manager is appointed? why teaching is important? how manufacturing costs? whose business is best? why business major? how technology affects our lives? what solutions can be used in a nebulizer? how technological environment affect marketing? how much start up money small business? how business credit cards work? how long startup repair takes? where to solve python problems? what teaching jobs are in demand? who developed the hierarchy of needs? entrepreneur who is skeptical? saline solution where to buy? who project manager? roadmap how to create? how much science diet to feed dog? which project are you choosing in french? where is start up? how manufacture a product? what workers have the worst jobs? whose product is a maximum? which startup is best in india? where to read technology news? how often business post to instagram? how many project sekai characters are there? what product sells the most on amazon? where to get technology news? when project price should be discussed? how many entrepreneurs are there in the us? where is genetic engineering from? what science is taught in 8th grade? how much startup money to open a restaurant? where to manage apple tv subscriptions? how much startup capital is needed is a part of? how many manager does treasure have? why system maintenance is important? where design thinking is used? what are the main design styles? how much business analyst make? what london is famous for? what london station goes to cambridge? how much teaching should a hlta do? how often is continuously? how much product designer earn? how far london to usa? what system does the us use? when london bridge was built? from where nykaa products come? how much product photography cost? how many science questions are on the act? what company owns dr pepper? what development did you find? how much solution for vax carpet cleaner? how much london bus? when project managers know an activity's? when should you stop teaching? where to equip a detector in fortnite? whom defined? which equipment is required for a cft? who product list? whose science was first called psychology? who equipment validation? how management helps in development of society? how london bridge fell? why manufacturing in china? when workers refuse to work? what technology was used in ww2? why teaching is important? where science meets art? when engineering colleges will open? how to device unlock? which manufacturer of losartan is recalled? who solution definition? how much start up capital is required to start a business? roadmap when will hotels open? how to start the startup? how much equipment has lost in ? teaching where it matters? which solution is basic? why entrepreneurs are bad at relationships? where to recycle technology? where science and magic meet? how london bridge fell? where to launch model rockets? iphone 13? who product mix? who workers salary? what equipment is required on a boat? from where the mansabdari system was borrowed? how startup valuation works? why product management interview answer? where to go london? how often does technology fail? solutions how to sleep? founder of startup company? how system call works in linux? how solution set? who design nigeria flag? how much equipment was left in syria? how many entrepreneurs have adhd? who technology transfer pdf? startup folder? how often technology changes? why startups register in delaware? how much business permit in quezon city? where science meets beauty? how often change solution contact? how much london broil per person? how science works? how to state a solution? from where manager derive performance expectation? how technology has changed our lives? how to find business information on a company? how product managers prioritize features? where product key windows 8? where science and spirituality meet? how much london bus? how much system memory do i need? how often to maintain muscle? which system is independent and inconsistent? what product results from this reaction? where is derby from london? whose product is sql? what entrepreneur really means? where to recycle technology? what technology was used? how start up works? what equipment is at planet fitness? whose methodology of teaching experimentation is the key note of?